Carburetor



'w. E. wlLsoN.

CARBURETOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.18, 1920.

` 1,420,356, I PatenaJune 20,1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

4Allllllllllnlmuk a lumi W. E. WILSON.

CARBURETOR.v

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1920.

Patented June zo, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EN 0R l Y W70/VH*y UNITED s'r WALTER. E; WILSON, or riixco, Kansas.

CARBURETOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J une 20, 1922.

Application filed March 18, 1920. Serial No. 366,811.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, WALTER E. VVILsoN, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residino' at Paxico, in the county of VVabaunsee anc. State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors; and I do hereby declare that the following isfa full, clear, and exact description of the invention, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The invention relates to-the class of devices for the mixing of air and liquid fuel as a fuel in internal combustion engines, and it has for its object,

First. A carburetor in which danger of confiagration in air and road machines is entirely prevented.

Second. To choke the action of the air and primary mixture regulating valve.

Third. To regulate automatically the admission of auxiliary air to the primary mixture in proportion to the amount of liquid fuel supp-lied from the fuel nozzle, by the needle valve.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts such as will be first fully described and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a side 'elevation of the improved carburetor in a vertical operative position, showing the liquid fuel supply valve.

Figure 2 is a vertical section of the invention as seen in Fig. 1, with the liquid fuel supply valve removed.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the combined auxiliary air and primary mixture mixing regulator.

Figure i is a horizontal section of the main cylinder ofthe carburetor, lying between taken on line 1 -4 on Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is a detail elevation of the upper portion of the body of the carburetor the lines 5 5 on Fig. 2, showing the screwthreaded portion, and the obliquely inclined air passages.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section of the lower portion of the main cylinder, taken on the line 6 6 on Fig. 3.

Figure 7 is a horizontal section taken through the upper portion of the cylinder and the stem of the butterfly valve showing the valve in a closed position.

Figure 8 is a partial section of the liquid fuel supply valve casing, to show the main and auxiliary passages for the liquid.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section of the lvalve casing, taken at right angles to that seen in Fig. 8. y

Figure 10 is a section taken through'the choke sleeve and fuel nozzleon line 10-10 on Fig. 2.

VFigure 11 is a detail view of the spring catch for the adjusting ring on the main hollow cylinder. i

Fig. 12 is a'fragmentary section on a larger scale, showing the choke sleeve and the actuating and locking levers. Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings,

12 indicates the body of the novel carburetor whichV consists of a cylindrical case of the requisite length, the upper end portion 13, which extends downwardly to a neck 14:, being made smaller in circumference. Extending downwardly from the neck 14:, and integral therewith, is the cylinder or body 12, referred to, the inner circumference 16 of which cylinder is vgreater than that of the opening 15. The upper portion of the cylinder or body extending downward from the neck 14 a short distance, is externally screw-threaded' at 17. In said screwthreaded portions ofthe body 12, are vertical openings or' slots 18, equally spaced around the circumferenceof said body.

' Withinthe upper portion of the body 12, is a vertically slidable ring 19, which is provided with screw-threaded openings opposite the respective slots, see Fig. 4. Within the slots 18 are the movable screw pins 21, the inner ends of which pins are reduced in circumference, and screw-threaded, and fitted within the screw-threaded openings in the slidalolering 19. The outer ends of the pins which are slotted extend a short distance outwardly from the 'line of the outer cir- 100 cumference of the cylinder.

22 indicates the ring adjusting collar, having an internal lgroove'23", the annular portions 23, 23 of which collar forming the sides of the groove 23 are screw-threaded,` 105 and fitted so as to be turned upon the screwthreads 17 on the cylinder or body 12, the outer ends of the respective pins 21 extending within the said groove, the rotation of the ring 22 being accompanied by the cor- 110 responding movement of the internal ring 19. Mechanically., a hole is made in the outer ring not shown, and the screw pins 21 inserted in the hole and, with a screw driver, the pins are entered in the threaded opening provided for them in the inner ring. A spring plunge-r 22locks the grooved ring.

ln'the body or cylinder 12, are a plurality of auxiliary air openings 24, spaced short distances apart in the direction of the circumference of the cylinder 12. These openings, as seen yclearly in'Fig. 5, are pear shaped and inclined at an angle to the vertical axis of the body, the purpose being to admit a larger quantity of air through the upper larger width of the openings, as further specified.

In the lower portion of the body 12 of the Vcarburetor is located the fuel nozzle 25, consisting of a solid casting having a central opening 25', of a small diameter extending therethrough, and in line with the vertical axis of the body. `With the outer surface of the casting 25, are connected the inner endsof'radial bars 26, the outer ends of which bars having upturned flanges 26, which are secured by bolts 27 to the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 12, see Fig. 6.

28 indicates the outer jacket of the carburetor, which consists.r of a circular case 28',

of greater circumference than that of the cylinder or body 12, so as to form an annular space around the said body 12, for the supply of air and connected thereto by the internal flange 29.

.The lower end of they outer jacket 28 terminates in a bowl-shaped closed end member 28X, from one side of which bowl-shaped end extends a tube or pipe 31, through which tube is supplied heated air in the usual Inanner.

32 indicates the liquid fuel and air mixing regulator which consists of a hollow case 33, slightly less in circumference externally than the inner circumference of the upper end portion 13, of the hollow cylinder 12, a slight annular extension 34 of said upper end of the hollow case being made to slidably lit within said portion 13 of the hollow cylinder 12, and move past the slidable ring 19.

The lvalve case 32 extends in length approximately from the neck 14, at the junction of thehollow cylinder 12, with its reduced upper end, downwardly a little over ,one-half the length of said cylinder, and

is provided with a closed bottom plate 35. About one-third the distance from the lower end of said case, toward its upper end, the

said case is provided with double rows of pcrforations 36 of approximately f2@ of an inch inrdiameter and 24 in number for 1 inch size carburetor, spaced apart around the hollow cylinder.

Extending around said body 12, immediately above the upper row of perforations,

is a ring or collar 37, and above the lower row of perforations is a ring or collar 38, both collars or rings being` rigidly connected with the cylinder 33,'their outer surfaces being movable in contact with the inner surface of the body 12, of the carburetor, and

acting to cut off the passage of air and fuel through the passages 24 and 36.

Extending around the hollow valve cylinder 35 between the upper collar 37, and the adjusting ring 19, is a spiral spring 39, the lower coil bearing on said collar 37, and the upper coil against the lower surface of said adjusting ring 19.

`40 indicates a tube approximately Vth same in circumference as the fuel nozzle 25, the upper end of which tube extends through the central portion of the bottom plate 35, of the cylindrical valve case 33, the sides of said tube being integral with said bottom plate. Said upper end portion of the tube 40 is provided with a cap 41 and an internally screw-threaded nipple 42, extending upwardly from said cap, within which nipple is inserted the upper screwthreaded end of an adjustable needle valve 43, the lower end of which needle valve is reduced in circumference to form a tapered valve stem 44 having a shoulder 45, said stem being adapted Vto enter the opening 25 in the feed nozzle 25, and with the shoulder 45, which finds its seat on the cone-shaped end of said cylinder, regulate the fuel supply. Upon the upper end portion of the needle valve 43 is a loclr nut 46.

The lower portion of the tube 40 extends downwardly to a position quite close to the cone-shaped head of the fuel nozzle 25, and with said end is connected integrally an outwardly extended annular piston valve plate 47, the outer surface of which plate moves slidably on the inner surface of the cylinder or body 12. 1n the upper portion of tube 40, are openings 40" for the outward passage of the primary mixture.

rlhe lower portion of the fuel nozzle 25 is externally screw-threaded at 48, and upon said end is fitted a screw-threaded cap 49,

between which cap and the lower end of the cylinder is a packing 50.

51 indicates a fuel feed regulating needleV to be adjustably moved upwardly and downwardly.

One of the radial ,arms 26, supporting the fuel nozzle 25, is extended outwardly partially through the fuel nozzle 2,5, and to the vertical opening 25 in said nozzle opposite the pointed end of the needle valve` 51, 7which acts to open and close said fuel paslsage 55, and control the flow of the liquid fue In order to obtain a rich mixture and for starting the engine, a choke sleeve 56 is extended around the fuel nozzle 25, and is movable upwardly. Extending around said sleeve are lu s 57, see Fig. 10, between which lugs is ormed a groove 58. A curved yoke bar 59 is provided with inwardly bent portions 60, which extend within said groove 58. 61 indicates a horizontal lever short in length for operating said yoke bar, the inner end of said lever being connected with said yoke bar and fulcrumed at 61, its outer end terminating in an outwardly and upwardly curved end.v

61" indicates a separate lever exten through an opening 62y on lower end of the body 12 of the carbureter, thence extended upwardly and fulcruined at 63 on a lug on the said body 12 a short` distance above said opening 62. From the fulcrum 63, the lever is extended upwardly a short distance and then bent at 61X inwardly at an angle to said lever and extended through an opening 64 in said body 12 at a point immediately above the line ofthe valve plate 47. A compression spring 63 is arranged in position between the fulcrum 63 of the lever and the body of the carburetor below openinfr 64.

The inner end of lever 61 is curved upwardly and in which is seated the upwardly curved youter end of the lever 61, so as to permit a sliding movement of said vparts with each other.

With said lever 61, a short distance outwardly from the sleeve, is connected one end of an operating flexible cable 65, the lower end of which cable extends downwardly past the radial arm 26", and through the lower portion 281 vof the bowl 28.

66 indicates the liquid fuel supply valve casing, as seen in Figs. 8 and 9 in detail. Extending outwardly from the sides of said casing are lateral extensions 67 and 68, see Fig. 7, lying oblique to the longitudinal axis of said casing.

In these oblique extensions are liquid fuel passages 69 and 70 respectively, these passages havi the outer en s of said extensions.

screw/threaded pockets 7 1 at.

Within the casing 66, which has a closed inner end 71, is a valve opening 72 which is smaller in circumference at its inner end, or cone-shaped, and within which opening is fitted a cone-shaped valve or plug 73, in the outersurface of which vare separate grooves 74, extending at an angle tothe longitudinal axis of the plug,'one groove being uponone side of the .plug and in communication with the passage 69 for the liquid fuel, andthe other groove in communication with the passage 70. The passage is a reserve'passage for the use of a different fuel or for connection with a reserve tank common in motor vehicles, andv is shown closed by a screw cap 75.

In order to hold outward movement, in the outer end'of the, casing 66 is formed an opening 76, larger in circumference than the valve opening 72, for the plug, in which opening is a plate 77 lsecured to the outer end of the plug and provided with outwardly extended 4annular flange 78.

The outer portion of the casing within the opening 7 6, is internally screw-threaded, andr within said screw-threaded opening is fitted a screw-.threaded cap plate 7-9, which is pro' vided with a central "screw-,threaded opening 80, within which is fitted a nut 81 having an opening 82. Upon the inner side ofV the cap 7-9 are flanges 83 which extend within the flange 78 on the plate 77. Between the nut 8l and the plate 77, is a packing 84, and a spring 84 extends around thev flange 78, which keeps the valve 73, pushed down. in the casing 66.

A valve stem 85 extends through the open ing 82 on the nut 81 and is connected rigidly with the plate 77 on the valve plug 7,3.. 0n? the outer end of the valve stem 8 5., is cen nected a valve operating `arin 86.

The casing 66 is provided upon one side a considerable distance from its inner closed` end, with a screw-.threaded nipple 87, through which and the casing extends, a pas sage 88 for liquid fuel, which passage when the valve is opened is in communication with the groove 74. The screw-threaded nipple is then secured within the screw-threactedk socket 26 on the'outerfend of the extensirm 26 of the radial arm 26 `and in communica tion with the liquid fuelpassage f5.5 conductin liquid fuel to the fuel nozzle 25,.. v

ith the socket 71 on .the valve casing, lis connected one end of. supply pipe 89, :for the liquid fuel, the other end of the pipe being bent at 90 kand extended upwardly and connected with a liquid fuel Supply tank 91. Upon the outer surface and upper fend portion of th-ereduced portion 13 of the body or cylinder l2, are lugs .92 and above sai-d 'lugs are similar lugs 93, yextending outwardly an increased distance and provided with screwthreaded openings 94.

the valve plug 73. from i The inner end of the valve shaft 96fis extended within a depression 98 in thellug 88 upon one side of the hollow cylinderv 13, and the other end extended through the lug on the other side of said cylinder and to a considerable distance outwardly from the outer surface of the lug,and in said lug is an annular depression 96.

99V indicates the valve operating lever, having a sleeve 99 mounted on the outer end of shaft y96. Asealing ring 97 extends around the shaft 96 in the recess 96, which ring prevents air leakage around the shaft and is held in position by the lever 99.

vThe carburetor as shown and described, is connected with the manifold of an internal combustion engine in precisely the same manner as other carburetors, by means of cap screws passing'within the openings 94 in the lugs 93.

In theoperation of the invention, the liquid fuel, such as gasoline, is fed from the tank 91 through pipe 90 to the valve casing 66. The valve stem 85, in the valve casing, being rotated to bring'the groove 74 in communication with the passage 64 in the valve plug 73, the liquid fuel enters the passage 55 controlled by the needle valve 51. This needle valve 51 being properly adjusted, the liquid fuel is admitted within the opening 25 in the fuel nozzle 25, which opening `at the upperend of the nozzle is closed normally to such an extent by the valve stem 44 on the needle 43 as to permit in the initial starting or idling of the engine of a small amount of the liquid fuel to form a primary mixture which enters the receivn ing tube 40 while the air enters the pipe 31, and passes into bowl 28X and mixes with the liquid fuel -which is at first liberated around the valve stem v44, and passes from the receiving tube 40 to the casing 33 through thel openingv40. As soon as the small quantity of the mixed air and liquid fuel enters the cylinder of the engine and combustion takes place; a vacuum'takes place in the bowl of the casing 28, and through theapertures 36, acts upon the valve plate 47, while the inward pressure of the air tends to forceupwardly the valve plate 47, this action compressing the spring 39 and drawing the valve stem 43 farther outward from the opening 25 and increasing the liquid fuel supply at the same time, -theV movement upwardly of the valve case 33 brings the series of inclined pear shaped openings 36 between the collars 37 .and 38 into communica-tion with the series of openings 24, in the body 12 of the carburetor, "the upper collar 27 is its movementpast the openings 24 exposing said openings to the passage of the mixture in increasingV quantities Vand in proportion to the amount of liquid fuel liberated by the needle valve 44, hence the collar 37 acts as a cut-off valve to control air through the ports At the same time, a vacuum occurs around the fuel supply nozzle which takes the liquid fuel up in proportion to the amount of air admitted between` the nozzle and the valve plate 47, the depression on the manifold decreases when the throttle is opened and the valve case 32 is raised against the tension of the spring 39 raising the needle valve;

gradually from the opening in the fuel nozzle, its tapering form permitting theV dis-y charge of the liquid Vfuel to be increased,J

at the same time the collar 39 on said valve case exposes the openings 24 in the main cylinder 12 suflicient to cause the liquid fuel to be broken up by,v the auxiliary air into the proper mixture.

` To effect a regulation of movement of the valve casing 33 and the valve plate 47, the ring adjusting collar 22 is rotated so as to cause a downward movement of the ring 19 upon the coils of the spring 39, such` adjustment increasing the tension of the spring, and hence controlling the compression in degrees and requiring more-vacuum force to raise the valve case.

The normal supply of the liquid fuel enters the tube 40 above the fuel nozzle 25, and passes as a rich mixture through the openings 40 and is first broken up by theV partiallyclosing the air passage between theV conical head of the fuel nozzle and the valve plate 47 admitting thereby but a small amount of air at a higher velocity for a primary or starting mixture. lArt the same time, the curved outer end of the lever 61, which is seated in the curved inner end of the lever 61, moves slidingly therein, pressing down on said curved end of said lever 61 and moving the upper end of Vsaid lever within the opening 64 in the main cylinder against the spring 65 and above the valve plate 47. In this position the bent end of the lever 61 prevents the valve plate fromV moving but a slight distance upwardly so as to not expose the auxiiiary air openings 24 in the main cylinder 12, and permit the air now passing at a high velocity inxthe air passage around the` vaperizer `to take up a rich mixture of air and liquid fuel for the starting of the engine. Upon releasing the drawing movement on vthe cable 65, the

the How of auxiliary spring 63 forces the lever 61 outwardly and at the same time raises the lever 6l and the choke sleeve 56 is moved downwardly into a normal position and the operation of the carburetor is as before described.

Such modifications may be employed as is within the scope of the appended claims.

Having fully described my invention, what I now claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a carburetor the combination with the body having a main air-inlet, a fuel nozzle, a movable valve carried by said body, acting to restrict the opening for air around said nozzle and controlled by the vacuum created by the engine, a movable choke sleeve extending around said nozzle and manually operated means for moving said sleeve into a position adjacent the opening of said valve, and automatically locking said valve.

2. In a carburetor the combination with the body having a main air-inlet, a fuel nozzle, a movable valve carried by said body acting to restrict the opening for air around said nozzle and controlled by the vacuum created by the engine, a movable choke sleeve extending around said nozzle, a manually operated lever for moving said sleeve into a position adjacent the opening of said, Y

valve, and a spring controlled lever to lock said valve actuated by themovementof the first mentioned lever.

WALTER E. WILSON. 

